![]() The term "lone AF" applies to patients younger than 60 years of age without echocardiographic or clinical evidence of cardiac, pulmonary, or circulatory disease. Chronic AF may be paroxysmal (defined as recurrent AF >1 episode ≥30 seconds in duration that terminates spontaneously within 7 days), persistent (AF that is sustained >7 days or lasts 1 year in duration), or permanent (refractory to cardioversion or accepted as a final rhythm).ĮCG shows P waves are absent and are replaced by rapid fibrillatory waves that vary in size, shape and timing, leading to an irregular ventricular response when atrioventricular conduction is intact. Go to our full topic on Chronic atrial fibrillationĪtrial fibrillation (AF) is a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia characterized by uncoordinated atrial activation and variable ventricular response. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. ECG shows absent P waves presence of rapidly oscillating fibrillatory waves that vary in amplitude, shape and timing and irregularly irregular QRS complexes. Acute AF is defined as a new onset or a first detectable episode of AF, whether symptomatic or not. Go to our full topic on Acute atrial fibrillationĪtrial fibrillation (AF) is a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia characterized by uncoordinated atrial activation and variable ventricular response. International consensus on nomenclature and classification of atrial fibrillation. A classification of atrial flutter and regular atrial tachycardia according to electrophysiological mechanisms and anatomical bases. This rhythm is closely related to atrial fibrillation. ECG shows negatively directed saw-tooth atrial deflections (f waves) seen in leads II, III and aVF, with positively directed deflections in lead V1. Ventricular rates range from 120 to 160 bpm, and associated 2:1 atrioventricular block is common. Typical atrial flutter (counterclockwise cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent atrial flutter) is a macroreentrant atrial tachycardia with atrial rates from 250 to 320 bpm. 2015 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the management of adult patients with supraventricular tachycardia: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. ![]() Response to vagal maneuvers and adenosine may be evaluated to exclude alternative diagnoses. Onset and termination of arrhythmia are abrupt. On ECG, P waves are visible before every QRS, and different from the P waves in sinus rhythm. It occurs in a wide range of clinical conditions, including catecholamine excess, digoxin toxicity, pediatric congenital heart disease, and cardiomyopathy. Go to our full topic on Focal atrial tachycardiaĬharacterized as a rapid regular rhythm arising from a discrete area within the atria. ![]()
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